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Technische Hochschule
Technische Hochschule (known by its initials ''TH'') is what an ''Institute of Technology'' (that is, a university focusing on engineering sciences) used to be called in German-speaking countries, as well as in the Netherlands, before most of them changed their name to Technische Universität (German) or Technische Universiteit (Dutch) (known by its initials ''TU'') in the 1970s (in Germany) and in the 1980s (in the Netherlands).
== History ==
In the Middle Ages, an educational institution was called a university only if a certain classical canon of subjects was taught (including philosophy, medicine, law and theology). Though in modern times other subjects including engineering sciences became more important, institutions of tertiary education devoted to these were denied the prestigious denomination "university", and had to use the general word ''Hochschule'' (higher school, that is, school for tertiary education) instead.
It was a major breakthrough, then, when in the first half of the 20th century, some Technische Hochschulen in Germany and Technische Hoghescholen (THs) in the Netherlands were given the right to award the doctoral degrees, and again later when they were allowed to call themselves universities in accordance with the usual distinction that defines a ''university'' as an institution of tertiary education that can grant doctorates.
Some technical schools, however, preferred to maintain their traditional and established names, most notably the RWTH Aachen and the two in Switzerland (ETH Zurich and EPF Lausanne). Universities that changed their names from TH to TU include TU Delft and TU Eindhoven in the Netherlands.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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